During the McCain-Obama debate yesterday evening, McCain said Obama’s tax plan would hinder Joe the Plumber’s ability to buy the plumbing business for which he’s worked for so many years. Here are McCain’s exact words: "You (are) going to put him in a higher tax bracket which (is) going to increase his taxes, which (is) going to cause him not to be able to employ people, which Joe was trying to realize the American dream."
Will Obama’s plan derail Joe’s American Dream? Not likely. Here’s why. Business purchases are tax-deductible under the current tax code [1]. So, if Obama is elected and his proposed tax plan goes into effect, Joe the Plumber’s taxes would not go up until his purchase of the business is paid off. The reason is, again, buyers of businesses get to deduct from their taxable income the price they pay for a business [1].
By way of example, let’s assume: Joe has been taking home taxable income of $50,000 per year as a plumber-employee; the business Joe wants to purchase earns taxable income of $300,000 per year [2,3]; Obama’s tax plan will raise the tax rate on income over $250,000 from the current 33% to 35%; and the purchase price for the business is $800,000 [4].
Now 95% of business purchases in the United States are completed by purchase of the assets of the business, as opposed to purchase of the common stock. This is a legal distinction, but the tax consequences are significant. In short, a purchase by assets—a method that almost certainly will be used by Joe the Plumber—will allow Joe to deduct from future taxable income the price he pays for the business. Will Joe be able to deduct 100% of the purchased price? Well, not likely, but he’ll no doubt be able to deduct most of it. Here’s how. Let’s say the purchased assets are:
Accounts Receivable $100,000
Inventory $100,000
Trucks, Tools, Equipment, Furniture, etc. $400,000
Seller Consulting (over five years) $50,000
Goodwill (e.g., business name, customer lists, etc.) $150,000
Total $800,000
In this case, $650,000 of the purchase price (paid for trucks, tools, equipment, furniture, seller consulting and goodwill) will be deductible against taxable income. So Joe will enjoy an annual tax deduction of, say, $100,000 per year for the first five years that he owns the business and then $10,000 for another 10 years [5]. Assuming the business continues to earn $300,000 per year in profit (profit before depreciation, such as what Joe will get from his purchase of the business), Joe’s taxable income will be just $200,000 for the first five years and then $290,000 the following 10 years (after the above-stated depreciation is used to reduce the taxable income). After 15 years, the write-offs will be used up, but the business certainly will have been paid for by then. In fact, if Joe is like most business buyers, he'll have the business paid off within five years.
Consider as well that Joe almost certainly will have to borrow money to buy the business. This will generate tax-deductible interest expense and further lower the taxable income and, thereby, taxes that Joe will have to pay. Will Joe’s taxes go up under the Obama plan? Certainly not during Joe’s first five years when he’s paying off the purchase. Might they go up later? Well, if Joe is fortunate to succeed in the business and begin earning taxable income that exceeds $250,000 per year, yes. By how much? Let’s say that in years seven and beyond, Joe begins earning taxable income of $350,000. If Obama is elected and raises the tax rate on income that exceeds $250,000 from the current 33% to 35%, Joe’s tax bill will go up by $2,000 per year.
In conclusion, Obama’s tax plan should NOT in any way hinder Joe’s dream of buying his employer. The only question is whether it is fair that Joe should pay an additional $2,000 per year in taxes if, after he has fully paid for the business, his taxable income increases to $350,000 per year. This is for you to decide. But the good news is that if Joe is faced with this burden, he will have raised his annual income from $50,000 to $350,000 and, alas, achieved the American dream, well within his reach no matter who is elected the next president of the United States.
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