By the early 1970s, as the
Vietnam War accelerated inflation, the
United States was running not just a balance of payments deficit but also a trade deficit (for the first time in the twentieth century).
The crucial turning point was 1970, which saw U.S. gold coverage of the paper dollar deteriorate from 55% to 22%. This, in the view of
neoclassical economists, represented the point where holders of the dollar had lost faith in the U.S. ability to cut its budget and trade deficits.
In 1971, more and more dollars were printed and then sent overseas, to pay for the nation's military expenditures and private investments. In the first six months of 1971, assets for $22 billion fled the United States.
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