Area 51, the new book by Annie Jacobsen, is based on interviews with scientists and engineers who worked in the top-secret test base in the Nevada Desert.
It dismisses the alien story and puts forward the theory that Stalin was inspired by Orson Welles's famous radio adaptation of the H.G. Wells novel The War of the Worlds, which provoked hysteria across America when broadcast in 1938.
According to the book, the plot started after the Soviet Union seized from Germany at the end of the war the jet-propelled, single wing Horten Ho 229 - a fighter said to be the forerunner of the modern B-2 stealth bomber.
This is where Mengele enters the story. The Nazi doctor, who experimented on prisoners in Auschwitz and fled to South America after the war, was supposedly enlisted to create a crew of ''grotesque, child-size aviators'' in return for a eugenics laboratory.
The book says that the plane was filled with ''alien-like'' children, aged 12 or 13, who Stalin wanted to land in America and cause hysteria similar to the 1938 broadcast. But the remotely piloted plane crashed and the Americans hushed up the incident. Jacobsen's source, a retired engineer from the former defence company EG&G, said he was put on to the Roswell project in Area 51 in 1978.
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